The Population Decline in China and It’s Affecting Factors

Abstract

The global geopolitical tensions and economic uncertainties that have been affecting the world in recent years have posed major challenges to the social and economic well-being of a country. As one of the world’s leading economic players, China has played an important role in supporting domestic and for-eign economic growth by expanding its labor force and consumer markets. However, the country’s population is expected to decline starting in 2022, rais-ing the following socio-economic issues. These include declining fertility rates and family planning, as well as increasing life expectancy and educational levels, which are contributing to China’s gradual population decline. Re-searchers are still studying how this will affect the long-term stability of key indicators representing labor supply, productivity, and the overall economy. Within the scope of the study’s objectives, data from the World Development Indicators (WDI) database were used. This database is internationally reliable and widely used. The analysis focused on the causes and factors affecting China’s population decline. The data were defined in the Stata program as an annual time series. GDP and population indicators were logarithmically trans-formed. Population growth has estimated as the annual change in population. The study concluded that population change in China is due to the develop-ment of social and economic structures, declining birth rates, migration, and increased life expectancy. China’s population decline is not a temporary phe-nomenon, but a structural change driven by long-term economic and social development.