РОЛБИЙДОРЖИЙН “ЖАНЖАА ХУТАГТ” ХЭМЭЭХ ХУВИЛГААН ЦОЛНЫ УЧИР ШАЛТГААНЫ ТУХАЙ

Abstract

In this article, I will shed light on whether Rol-pa’i-rdo-rje was the second or the third reincarnation of Changkya Qutuγtu, and what is the underlying meaning of the “title”. Some researchers claim that Rol-pa’i-rdo-rje was second reincarnation, yet some claim that he was the third reincarnation. Thus, researchers have not reached at the same position regarding Rol-pa’irdo-rje’s title and his reincarnation rank. I assume that distinguishing reincarnate lamas by adding ordinal numbers is a result of research works after nineteenth century. Buddhist high lamas possess multiple names and titles with own stories. All arguments regarding titles should be discussed along with derivation of word, historical background and other incidents. Three Changkyas are branches of the same incarnation lineage. Changkya Grags-pa-‘od-zer could not become popular among Mongolians and Manchu officials; therefore, he could not get an extension to his title “Qutuγtu”. Grags-pa-‘od-zer was recognized with the toponym-title “Changkya”, and his successors preserved his title putting another extension “Qutuγtu”. However, according to the contemporary fashion of research, Rol-pa’i-rdo-rje is the third Changkya due to the title without extension.