Post-COVID Aviation Industry: Global and Mongolian Trends

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an unprecedented crisis in the global aviation industry, but signs of recovery have emerged since 2023, as passenger traffic, revenues, and profitability continue to increase. Mongolia's aviation sector has also demonstrated steady growth in terms of revenue, passenger volume, and the expansion of both international and domestic routes. However, the recovery phase coincides with new structural challenges such as high fuel costs, human resource shortages, and unequal market competition, raising concerns over the sector’s long-term sustainability. This paper examines and compares the current state of the global and Mongolian aviation industries in the post-pandemic period, analyzes trends in recovery and associated risks, and presents potential policy recommendations to support sustainable sectoral development.