https://journal.num.edu.mn/econjournal <p>The journal is committed to enhance a dissemination of research in economics and economic policy in the country and abroad and to bring quality of the Mongolian economic research closer to the world standard. The nearest goal of the journal is indexing the economic research conducted in the country and be listed on PEPEC (Research papers on Economics, www.repec.or)</p> en-US Economics: theory and practice 2617-247X https://journal.num.edu.mn/econjournal/article/view/6946 <p><span class="fontstyle0">Бодит эдийн засгийн мөчлөгийн (RBC) загвар нь макро эдийн засгийн онолын нэг үндсэн суурь загвар байдгийнхаа хувьд академик сургалт болон эмпирик судалгааны ажлын гол багаж, хэрэгсэл болдог. Макро эдийн<br>засгийн ерөнхий тэнцвэр болон түүний динамикт нэрлэсэн хувьсагчид болон санамсаргүй шокийн үзүүлэх<br>нөлөөнөөс өмнө бодит хувьсагчдын хооронд тогтож байдаг үндсэн хамаарал, тэнцвэрийг тогтоох нь чухал<br>байдаг. Энэ судалгааны ажил нь Монгол улсын сүүлийн 17 жилийн тоон мэдээллийг ашиглан эдийн засгийн<br>мөчлөгийг хэмжих, онолын тогтсон баримтуудтай нийцтэй байгаа эсэхийг шалгахаас гадна завсрын бүтээгдэхүүний зах зээл, монопольт үнийн нөхцлөөр өргөтгөсөн бодит байдалд илүү нийцтэй, энгийн RBC загварыг<br>ашиглан Монгол улсын эдийн засгийн мөчлөгийн шинж чанарыг тайлбарлах, онцлогийг нь илрүүлэн тайлбарлах зорилготой хийгдсэн. Монгол улсын эдийн засгийн мөчлөгийн гол үндсэн үзүүлтүүд нь онолын тогтсон<br>баримтуудтай нийцтэй байна. Харин тоон өгөгдлийн боломжгүй байдлаас шалтгаалан зөвхөн энгийн Solow<br>үлдэгдлээр тооцсон хөдөлмөрийн бүтээмж буюу технологийн дэвшлийн нөлөө хадгалагддаггүй, өмнөх үеэсээ<br>сөрөг хамааралтай байгаа эсрэг байгаа боловч энэ чиглэлийн судалгааны ажлуудад ажиглагддаг, анхааруулдаг<br>үр дүнтэй адилхан байгаа юм</span> </p> Dulbadrakh S Copyright (c) 2024 ЭДИЙН ЗАСАГ: ОНОЛ, ПРАКТИК https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2024-04-05 2024-04-05 37 https://journal.num.edu.mn/econjournal/article/view/6947 <p><span class="fontstyle0">We argue that the extreme dependence on the natural resource sector has affected<br>a part of the Mongolian economy negatively, thus causing the manufacturing<br>sector to decline. This phenomenon, or the so-called Dutch Disease hypothesis<br>were tested, and the results are supportive of the argument. We found a long-run<br>negative relationship between the growing resource sector and manufacturing:<br>a ten-percent increase in the resource sector brings a two-percent decrease in<br>manufacturing in Mongolia.</span> </p> Enkhmaa B Copyright (c) 2024 ЭДИЙН ЗАСАГ: ОНОЛ, ПРАКТИК https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2024-04-05 2024-04-05 37 https://journal.num.edu.mn/econjournal/article/view/6998 <p><span class="fontstyle0">Using data from the Household Socio-Economic Survey (HSES) conducted in<br>2018 aggregated by prefecture, age group, and sex, we estimate the Frisch labor<br>supply elasticity which has been seldom estimated in Mongolia. The change in labor supply can be decomposed into two labor-supply behaviors: extensive margin,<br>indicating workers’ entry and exit from the labor market; and intensive margin,<br>indicating changes in hours of work in response to a wage change. Our estimate of<br>the Frisch elasticity on the extensive and intensive margins combined is 0.68 and<br>the Frisch elasticity on only the intensive margin is 0.09. These results suggest that<br>extensive margin explains the bulk of labor-supply changes in Mongolia.</span> </p> Dulamsuren U Manlaibaatar Z Copyright (c) 2024 ЭДИЙН ЗАСАГ: ОНОЛ, ПРАКТИК https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2024-04-15 2024-04-15 37 https://journal.num.edu.mn/econjournal/article/view/8271 <p><span class="fontstyle0">In Mongolia, since the early 2000s, female labor force participation is declining<br>down to 50.6 percent in 2023 (National Statistics Office, 2024). It raises serious<br>concern about the long-term economic growth and the country’s future in general.<br>In this paper we investigate the existence and the extent of the parental wage<br>penalty including motherhood wage penalty as a potential factor that prevents<br>young women to enter and re-enter into the labor force. Based on data from the<br>Mongolian Household Socio-Economic Survey 2018, we find that the parental wage<br>premium is 11.93 percent, the fatherhood wage premium is 19.30 percent, and the<br>motherhood wage penalty is 21.30 percent, respectively. These findings are obtained<br>after controlling for individual observed heterogeneities such as a range of human<br>capital characteristics, working industry, and occupation. We also find that the<br>parental wage penalty differs by education, location, marital status and occupation.<br>Our research findings echo and update previous literature on the topic and can be<br>used for comparative studies with the incoming research in developing and transition<br>economies. Our research has a few limitations. A first limit of our analysis is that<br>we did not focus on the causality of the wage penalty. The second limit is that we<br>did not focus on the changes in the wage penalty since our data is one cross section<br>data from HSES 2018 Mongolia. Parental wage penalty can change over time, and<br>parental leave policies may play a role in this regard. This is avenue for the future<br>research.</span> </p> Otgontugs B Undral E Copyright (c) 2024 Economics: theory and practice https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2024-06-11 2024-06-11 37