Translation Studies

ОРЧУУЛАГЧ, ХЭЛМЭРЧИЙН ЭХ ХЭЛНИЙ СУРГАЛТЫН ХӨТӨЛБӨР БОЛОВСРУУЛАХ АСУУДАЛД

2026-05-12T14:22:35+08:00

Organizing a training of translators and interpreters, we had to consider the equal inclusion of native language and foreign language courses in the curriculum. Based on the content of the native language courses taught in the pilot training, we present five modules and 16 teaching methods of the native language training curriculum that were agreed upon through our academic discussions. The article provides a review of the previous research on the training modules and training methods, theoretical basis, and comparison with native language training methods that are not intended for specific specialists.

ЯПОНЫ УРАН ЗОХИОЛЫН ОРЧУУЛГЫН УЛАМЖЛАЛЫГ ТҮҮХЭН ҮҮДНЭЭС ШИНЖЛЭХ НЬ

2026-05-12T14:53:54+08:00

This study aims to examine the tradition of literary translation in Japan from a historical perspective, analyzing changes in translation purpose and strategies within the framework of Skopos Theory, and to elucidate translation methods as well as the role and influence of the translator.

In the history of Japanese literature, translation has not merely served as a means of introducing foreign works into another language; rather, it has functioned as a complex and continuous process that has shaped stylistic expression, genre conventions, readers’ habits, publishing structures, and ultimately the formation of a distinct national cultural identity. Following the Meiji Restoration, a wave of translations that brought Western literature, theories, and ideas into the Japanese language played a crucial role in standardizing modern written Japanese and in consolidating new literary genres such as the novel and play.

ШҮЛЭГ ГОО ЗҮЙН ТОГТОЛЦООГОО ХАДГАЛАН ОРЧУУЛАГДАХ БОЛОМЖИЙН ТУХАЙД

2026-05-12T14:33:02+08:00

Переводчики поэтического текста постоянно сталкиваются с проблемами, связанными с переводимостью того или иного стихотворного произведения. По поводу данной темы выделяются две характерные тенденции в современном переводоведении. Для того, чтобы обосновать собственный подход по этой теме, в данном тексте для доклада мы затрагиваем некоторые нюансы относительно специфических моментов в переводе произведений А. С. Пушкина на монгольский язык, ставя во главу угла эстетический параметр стихотворного произведения, так как именно он будет служить главным стержнем в переводе поэзии как искусства слова. В таком случае, наиважнейшей задачей переводчика станет вопрос о том, как решить самую уязвимую на наш взгляд проблему – проблему о сохранении полноценности эстетической системы переводимого произведения.

ОРЧУУЛГЫН ШИНЭ ЧИГ ХАНДЛАГА

2026-05-12T15:35:38+08:00

В данной статье рассматриваются актуальные проблемы в области теории и практики перевода, с которыми сталкиваются в современном мире, а также способы и пути возможного разрешения в связи с практикой перевода в прошлом.

АНАГААХЫН НЭР ТОМЬЁОНЫ ОРЧУУЛГЫН АСУУДАЛД: МОНГОЛ- АНГЛИ-ЯПОН 15 ЦУВРАЛ ТОЛЬ БИЧГИЙН ЖИШЭЭН ДЭЭР

2026-05-12T15:46:19+08:00

The translation of medical terminology requires a high level of precision due to its direct relevance to diagnosis, treatment, and medication use. Inconsistent terminology usage and variations in transliteration may lead to professional misunderstandings. This study examines the challenges of standardizing medical terminology translation based on the experience of compiling a 15 volume Mongolian–English–Japanese Medical Dictionary. The study employed surveys, document analysis, and focus group discussions. The Mongolian-English-Japanese 15-volume Medical Dictionary served as the primary research material. A survey was conducted via Google Forms in February 2025, with six structured questions answered by 13 authors.

The findings indicate that major challenges include inconsistent term usage across existing dictionaries, variations in transliteration practices, and the difficulty of directly translating certain specialized concepts into Mongolian. Some terms require explanatory translation, while others may necessitate standardized transliteration.

The study highlights the need for institutional regulation and the development of unified standards for medical terminology translation in Mongolia.

ДИПЛОМАТ ОРЧУУЛГЫН ХИЧЭЭЛИЙГ ЗААХ АРГАЗҮЙ, ШИНЭ БОЛОМЖУУД

2026-05-12T15:53:52+08:00

Teaching a diplomatic translation class requires focusing on precision, politeness, cultural
nuance, and the ability to convey sensitive information without causing conflict. Effective instruction combines linguistic accuracy with an understanding of international relations, protocol, and the strategic use of language to achieve its goals. Entering a career in diplomatic translation can be a very rewarding experience for students. Translation is essential for spreading information and ideas, and our diplomatic translation courses are crucial for becoming efficient and effective in communicating across different cultures. Diplomatic translators work closely with diplomats in foreign affairs, and these translators must exercise the utmost discretion and professionalism. They help others understand issues related to a country’s political, economic, security, and military interests. Diplomatic translators are needed in numerous settings, and their knowledge of current affairs and political issues is crucial. Diplomatic translators play a significant role in promoting political relations and facilitating communication within foreign affairs. The need for diplomatic translation is high, and the role is key for important decisions. This paper aims to assess the importance of diplomatic translation courses and provide a guide on the structure and teaching of a diplomatic translation class, based on academic knowledge and industry practices. It also studies how to teach that the diplomatic world is governed by a strict hierarchy and that translators must exercise a high level of discretion.

ОРЧУУЛГЫН СУРГАЛТАД ХИЙМЭЛ ОЮУНЫГ ЗОХИСТОЙ ХЭРЭГЛЭХ НЬ

2026-05-12T16:05:54+08:00

In recent years, a wide range of artificial intelligence (AI)-based translation tools has emerged.
Technological advancements have significantly transformed the concept of translation, inevitably exerting considerable influence on both the translation market and translation pedagogy. This raises an important question: Which types of translators are likely to be replaced by AI? In order to address this question, it is essential to develop a proper understanding of AI—an outcome of scientific and technological innovation—and to apply it appropriately within the field of translation. Just as human translators differ in their abilities, AI-generated translations also vary in quality.

At present, there remains a gap in effectively teaching the skills required for the AI era. On the one hand, AI-driven machine translation is likely to further specialize and differentiate the field of translation. On the other hand, there is a significant risk that overreliance on technology may reduce individuals to mere “technological dependents.”

The primary objective of translation education is to cultivate individuals capable of translating
independently. While AI systems are trained on accumulated data, it is equally important for us to gather knowledge about AI, critically engage with it, and use it to inform problem-solving. Incorporating both AI-assisted and non-AI-based courses into the curriculum may provide valuable opportunities to better understand the respective strengths and limitations of each approach. Finally, this study will outline several key considerations for the responsible use of AI in translation.

МОНГОЛ ХЭЛНИЙ ХЭЛЦИЙГ ХЯТАД ХЭЛНЭЭ ОРЧУУЛАХАД ТҮГЭЭМЭЛ ХЭРЭГЛЭГДЭХ АРГУУД

2026-05-12T16:11:34+08:00

The idioms and expressions of any language are closely tied to the lifestyle, customs, historical
characteristics, and indeed the cultural mentality of the nation to which they belong. As such, how to render them into other languages has long posed a considerable challenge.

In this study, we sampled over 100 Mongolian idioms and conducted a comparative analysis to determine which translation methods, when applied to rendering them into Chinese, produce the most accurate and natural results.

The research revealed that three methods, namely adaptive translation, equivalent translation, and semantic translation, are broadly applicable in both pedagogical and practical contexts when translating Mongolian idioms into Chinese. Among these, equivalent translation, which involves rendering source-language idioms through target-language counterparts that differ in imagery yet convey the same meaning, was found to be the most effective approach.

СОШИАЛ МЕДИА ОРЧИНД ХЭРЭГЛЭГДЭЖ БУЙ АНГЛИ ХЭЛНИЙ ЯРИАНЫ ҮГСИЙН БҮТЭЦ БА ОРЧУУЛГЫН ДҮЙЦЭЛ

2026-05-12T16:16:19+08:00

The purpose of this study is to investigate English words used in social media and analyze how
their meanings are translated into Mongolian in terms of equivalence. The research data consist of 93 words collected from Facebook, Instagram, and TikTok, formed through clipping, blending, and back-formation. The study employs a mixed-method approach combining qualitative and quantitative analysis. The selected words are analyzed based on their word-formation processes, translation strategies, and types of equivalence. The theoretical framework of the study is based on formal and dynamic equivalence, semantic and communicative translation, as well as classifications of equivalence. The findings reveal that 88% of clipping-based words show partial equivalence, while 61% of blending words demonstrate partial equivalence and 29% show zero equivalence. In contrast, 50% of back-formation words exhibit full equivalence in translation. These results indicate that social media expressions are rarely translated through direct equivalence; instead, they rely on meaning, usage, and cultural context. Therefore, the study concludes that translation in social media is not formbased but predominantly dynamic and communicative in nature.

НЭР ТОМЬЁОНЫ ОРЧУУЛГЫН АСУУДАЛД

2026-05-12T16:20:48+08:00

In recent years,Mongolia has experienced intensive railway construction,the implementation of numerous strategic projects,and the expansion of the railway sector.The introduction of advanced foreign technologies has further underscored the urgent need for the precise translation of specialized railway terminology.This article aims to explore the methodologies used in translating railway terms into Mongolian and to identify the most frequently employed translation methods through specific technical examples.Furthermore,it emphasizes that the translation process requires close cooperation with railway professionals to ensure terminological accuracy.

УРАН ЗОХИОЛЫН ОРЧУУЛГЫГ ОНДООШУУЛАХ БА ИДЭЭШҮҮЛЭХ АРГЫН ҮҮДНЭЭС СУДЛАХ НЬ

2026-05-12T15:07:54+08:00

Уран зохиолын бүтээл нь тухайн хэл соёлын өвөрмөц онцгой талыг яруу сайхан өнгө аясаар илэрхийлж уншигч хүнд хүргэдэг билээ. Тэр дундаа үл давтагдах уламжлалт соёл сэтгэхүй, аж ахуйг илэрхийлсэн туурвилууд нь хойч үед үлдэх хийгээд улс дамжин эл соёлыг түгээн сурталчлах чухал ач холбогдолтой юм.

Монголын орчин үеийн уран зохиолын эцэг Д. Нацагдоржийн 1933 онд бичсэн “Үзэгдээгүй юм” өгүүллэг нь уламжлал хийгээд цаг үеийн байр байдлыг уран зохиолын өнгө аясаар дамжуулан үнэн бодитой харуулж өгсөн нь өнөө үед түүх, соёл, сэтгэхүйг нэгэн дор таниулж буй үнэт эрдэнэ юм. Орчуулгын үйл нь тухайн уран яруу найруулга, соёлын өвөрмөц байдлыг зорилтот хэлний уншигчдын сэтгэл хийгээд сэтгэхүйд хамгийн ойр буулгах юм.

“Үзэгдээгүй юм” өгүүллэгийн англи хэл дээрх орчуулга нь Америкийн орчуулга судлаач Лоуренс Венутийн дэвшүүлсэн Ондоошуулах (Foreignization) аргаар эх хэлний соёл, аж ахуй байдлыг хэрхэн хадгалсан, Идээшүүлэх (Domestication) аргаар зорилтот хэлний уншигчдад эх зохиолын сэтгэлгээг хэрхэн ойртуулсныг тод харуулжээ.

УРАН ЗОХИОЛЫН ОРЧУУЛГА ДАХЬ ӨГҮҮЛБЭРИЙН МЭДЭЭЛЛИЙН БҮТЭЦ, ТҮҮНИЙГ ВЕКТОРЫН ЧАНАРЫН АНАЛОГ ЗАГВАРААР ШИНЖЛЭХ НЬ

2026-05-12T15:15:16+08:00

In this paper, the sentences were selected from the works “Solitude” (2018) translated by Kenneth Lindy and “Gantsaardal” (1972) by S. Erdene, and a comparative analysis was conducted based on the information structure of sentences. In any language, the information structure of a text is determined by the Theme–Rheme (given - new) order within the sentence. In English, the thematic progression is typically positioned at the beginning of the sentence, followed by the rhematic (new) information, as explained by M.A.K. Halliday. In contrast, in the relatively flexible word order of Mongolian, the rhematic information consistently follows the thematic information; in other words, the rhematic information develops and expands on the basis of the theme, forming the communicative structure, as noted by D. Erdenesan.

Based on the common features of sentence information structure in the two languages, this study explores the possibility of explaining semantic transformations in translated texts by modeling invariant features through vector-based analogical models.

АМАРБАЯСГАЛАНТ ХИЙДИЙН ГЭРЭЛТ ХӨШӨӨНИЙ МАНЖ- МОНГОЛ БИЧЭЭСНИЙ ОРЧУУЛГЫН ҮГИЙН САНГИЙН ОНЦЛОГ

2026-05-12T15:20:08+08:00

Монастырь Амарбаясгалант, воздвигнутый по указу императора Юнчжэна в 1727 году на левом берегу реки Ивэн у подножия горы Бурэнхан, является одним из выдающихся памятников религиозной и культурной истории Монголии. Строительство монастыря, предназначенного для хранения мощей Первого Богдо гэгээна — Ундура Гэгээна Дзанабазара, было завершено в 1737 году при правлении Цяньлуна. На территории монастыря в Храме истории хранится трёхъязычный памятник с маньчжурско-монголо-китайской надписью, увековечивающей историю его основания. Настоящая статья посвящена анализу особенностей перевода маньчжурской и монгольской частей данной надписи. Результаты исследования вносят вклад в изучение маньчжурско-монгольских письменных памятников эпохи династии Цин.

Д.НАЦАГДОРЖИЙН “ХУУЧИН ХҮҮ” ӨГҮҮЛЛЭГИЙН ОРОС ОРЧУУЛГУУДЫГ ӨНГӨЦ ШИНЖИХҮЙ ДОР…

2026-05-12T15:29:17+08:00

Хураангуй: Орчин цагийн Монголын уран зохиолоос орос хэлэнд орчуулж эхэлсэн үе, нэн ялангуяа Д.Нацагдоржийн бүтээлүүдээс, тэр тусмаа алдарт “Хуучин хүү” өгүүллэгийн эхэн болон хожуу үеийн зарим орос орчуулгыг харьцуулан шинжилж, утга агуулга, хэл найруулга нь эхтэйгээ хэрхэн таарч тохирч байгаа байдалд дүн шинжилгээ хийж, өөрийн байр суурийг илэрхийлэх зорилгоор энэхүү шүүмж-өгүүллэгийг тэрлэв. Ингэхдээ тэдгээр орчуулгын үнэ цэнийг бууруулах зорилго өчүүхэн ч үгүй бөгөөд, харин монгол хэлний тансаг яруу аялгуу, ахуй соёлын хосгүй нандин өв соёлыг өөр хэлэнд орчуулах ажил нэн хариуцлагатай, зарим тохиолдолд бараг боломжгүй зүйл юм гэдгийг цухас дурдах гэснээ цохон тэмдэглэсүү.

“А КЮГИЙН ҮНЭН ТҮҮХ” ЗОХИОЛЫН МОНГОЛ ОРЧУУЛГЫН ОНЦЛОГ /ХОЛБОО ҮГИЙН ЖИШЭЭГЭЭР/

2026-05-12T15:40:10+08:00

Lu Xun, the founder of modern Chinese literature, sharply criticized the weak character of his nation in many works, the most famous of which is "The True Story of Ah Q." The novel depicts the adventures of the main character, Ah Q, who is poorly educated and unemployed, reflecting the common characteristics of not only the Chinese peasants of that time, but also the poor people of the suffering country. The character of Ah Q, a clumsy man, is a criticism of the weakness of the Chinese nation. This novel was translated from Chinese into Mongolian by translator B. Bat in 1952, J. Arthur in 1985, and the Inner Mongolia Educational Committee in 1974, respectively, and made available to the public. In translation, the same text can be translated in several ways by several people. These translations have their own characteristics, compositional tone, and the vocabulary used varies from one to another. In the following article, we compare and study the features of the Mongolian translation of "The True Story of Ah Q" using the example of conjunctions.

Д.НАЦАГДОРЖИЙН “МИНИЙ НУТАГ” ШҮЛГИЙН СОЛОНГОС ОРЧУУЛГУУДЫН УТГА, ДҮРСЛЭЛ, ХЭМНЭЛИЙН ХАРЬЦУУЛСАН СУДАЛГАА

2026-05-12T15:48:35+08:00

This study examines three Korean translations of D. Natsagdorj’s poem “My Homeland” focusing on the transmission of meaning, imagery, and poetic rhythm. As a classic work of Mongolian literature, the poem is characterized by rich imagery, repetition structures, and lyrical expression, which present challenges in translation.

Using a comparative analytical approach, this study analyzes lexical choices, figurative language, repetition, and rhythm in the selected translations. The findings show that while all three versions convey the core meaning of the original, they differ in their treatment of stylistic features. The first translation more effectively preserves poetic form and rhythmic repetition, closely reflecting the original’s lyrical qualities. In contrast, the second translation prioritizes clarity and explanatory expression, which tends to weaken poetic rhythm. The third translation, covering only part of the text, provides a limited representation and relies on more generalized expressions.

The study concludes that balancing semantic accuracy and formal equivalence is essential in poetry translation and emphasizes the importance of preserving both cultural specificity and poetic aesthetics.

ФИЛОСОФИЙН ЭХ ЗОХИОЛ ОРЧУУЛАХ ТУХАЙД: ЛОГИК-ФИЛОСОФИЙН ТРАКТАТ ЗОХИОЛЫН ЖИШЭЭН ДЭЭР

2026-05-12T15:52:38+08:00

This paper argues that the translation of philosophical texts is not a technical exercise but an interpretive act, drawing on the experience of translating Wittgenstein's Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus into Mongolian.Philosophical translation differs from both technical and literary translation. Unlike technical translation, it cannot rely on standardized terminology, since philosophers frequently assign new meanings to ordinary words or repurpose existing terms for their own systems. Unlike literary translation, it must prioritize conceptual precision and the logical structure of the argument over aesthetic effect. As Parks observes, philosophers “use ordinary words in a new, technical sense,” making it impossible to translate without first understanding the thinker's system as a whole. This means that every translational choice reflects a philosophical reading of the source text, and the translator, as Rée argues, “cannot duck the duty of interpretation. This interpretive dimension is illustrated through two key terms in the Tractatus. The German Satz, which in everyday usage simply means “sentence,” carries an interconnected cluster of meanings in Wittgenstein's text, including proposition, statement, and remark. The choice to render it consistently as “proposition” rather than “sentence” reflects an alignment with the analytic tradition and with Russell's framing of the work as a contribution to logical philosophy. The German Bild, while meaning “picture” or “image” in everyday usage, is the central term of Wittgenstein's picture theory of meaning. Comparison of English and Russian translations reveals that the choice between “картина” and “образ,” or between “the form of representation” and “the pictorial form,” reflects not stylistic preference but divergent philosophical readings of what kind of thing a Bild is in Wittgenstein's philosophical system. Rather than following any single source translation throughout, our Mongolian translation drew selectively on five English and Russian versions according to what each context demanded. This practice is itself evidence that translation is interpretation.

“ГУРВАН УЛСЫН ҮЛГЭР” СОНГОДОГ ЗОХИОЛЫН ШҮЛГИЙН ОРЧУУЛГЫГ ТОЛЬДОХУЙ

2026-05-12T15:58:22+08:00

诗歌指的是一种追求灵魂的珍贵表达和文字的优雅的审美潮流，它是一种抒情史诗的写作形式，用简短、有节奏的诗句记录人的思想和想象，创造了一种特殊的体，并根据语言的结构特点，以固定的篇幅和联系组织诗节。我们坚持到翻译诗歌蒙古诗歌的独特性，必须按照保留中国诗歌独特性的原则上蒙古诗歌形式的基础上进行翻译。

ЯПОН ДЭЛГЭЦИЙН БҮТЭЭЛИЙН ХАДМАЛ ОРЧУУЛГАД ХИЙСЭН ШИНЖИЛГЭЭ

2026-05-12T16:01:45+08:00

This study examines the relationship between spoken Japanese and Japanese subtitles, Chinese subtitles in the animated film Spirited Away. Subtitling, as a form of audiovisual translation, operates under time and space constraints that necessitate the selection, compression, and restructuring of linguistic information. While previous research has focused primarily on cross-linguistic subtitling (e.g., Japanese-to-English), the analysis of same-language subtitles remains largely unexplored.

Five key scenes were analyzed: Haku’s advice to Chihiro, her parents’ transformation into pigs, the contract with Yubaba, the introduction of No-Face, and Chihiro beginning her work at the bathhouse. Comparative analysis of spoken lines and corresponding subtitles revealed consistent patterns: (1) the core meaning of utterances is preserved, (2) redundant, emotional, or pragmatic expressions are frequently omitted, and (3) subtitles are optimized to facilitate viewer comprehension, relying on visual and vocal cues to supplement omitted information.

The findings demonstrate that Japanese subtitles function not merely as verbatim transcriptions but as a form of meaning-oriented linguistic reconstruction. This study contributes a novel perspective to subtitling research by highlighting the process of meaning optimization in same-language subtitles and its implications for audiovisual translation theory. Future research may expand this analysis across additional scenes or works, incorporate quantitative metrics, or investigate the effect of subtitles on viewer understanding and emotional perception.

ХОЛБОО ХАМААРЛЫН ҮҮРЭГ ТҮРЭГ-МОНГОЛ ХЭЛНИЙ НИЙТЛЭГ ХЭВ ШИНЖ ҮҮСЭХЭД НӨЛӨӨЛСӨН НЬ

2026-05-12T16:07:46+08:00