Determining the locations of naturally Ice Cellar

Байгалийн хөргөлттэй мөсөн зоорь барих газруудыг тодорхойлох нь

Abstract

This research attempts to locate an appropriate location for constructing a naturally iced cellar in the Ulaanbaatar area, where food consumption is high and food storage vaults are few. Ulaanbaatar is the place of residence for 48 percent of Mongolia's population. On the basis of Alos Palsar and Sentinel-2 satellite data, empirical statistical modeling techniques were used to map the surface conditions and permafrost distribution in Ulaanbaatar. Nevertheless, economic and health factors were also taken into account while choosing the best locations for the building of a naturally iced cellar. This was done by calculating the cold reserves using air temperature data from the ERA5-Land reanalysis with an accuracy of 0.1°. According to the results of the research, 36 percent of the total territory of Ulaanbaatar city, or 1415.0 km², has permafrost, and 89 km² is a residential area. Ulaanbaatar city accumulates considerable cold reserves in the east and north, up to -1290°C, while it is positive in the southwest, or +169°C in Ulziit, if we compare the FDD (freezing degree days) and TDD (thawing degree days) temperatures. Based on the aforementioned results, we discovered 557 prospective ice cellar locations totaling 210.2 km². The remaining points can be used to construct vegetable cellars, leaving 276 points available for building meat cellars. The relationship between the results of this investigation and the field measurement and meteorological station data from the previous time period was usually excellent. In contrast to previous permafrost distribution maps, it also has the advantage of offering more accurate coverage of permafrost distributed regions. To confirm the distribution of the permafrost and the sites of the iced cellars, more field measurements are necessary.